Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate is a high-polarity emollient and pigment dispersing agent derived from Glycerin and fatty acids. It provides exceptional spreadability and a smooth finish in color cosmetics and high-end skincare formulations.
- INCI Name:
- Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate
- Chemical/Scientific Name:
- Diglyceryl Triisostearate
- Common Aliases:
- PG-2 Triisostearate, Diisostearyl Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate
| Category: | Softeners |
| Source Origin: | Synthetic or Vegetable-derived |
| Comedogenic Rating: | 0-1 |
| Primary Industries: | Color Cosmetics, Skin Care, Lip Care |
| Solubility: | Oil-soluble |
At a Glance: Properties & Effects
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| Hydration/Moisture: | |
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Primary Benefits:
- Superior pigment wetting and dispersion for uniform color payoff.
- Provides a smooth, cushiony skin feel without greasy residue.
- Enhances the stability of emulsions and anhydrous sticks.
- Offers mild humectancy due to the diglycerin component.
Potential Risks:
- Extremely low risk of sensitization or irritation.
- Potential for breakouts only in individuals highly sensitive to esters.
Biological Action & Cosmetic Profile
Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate functions as an amphiphilic ester, consisting of a diglycerin backbone esterified with three Isostearic Acid chains. This specific molecular geometry allows it to act as a powerful pigment “wetter.” In color cosmetics, it coats individual pigment particles—such as Iron Oxides or Titanium Dioxide—preventing agglomeration and ensuring a homogenous distribution of color across the skin surface.
The high refractive index of this ingredient contributes significantly to the optical properties of a finished product. It imparts a natural-looking gloss and “glow” that is often sought in lipsticks and foundations. Unlike simpler oils, its branched-chain structure provides a persistent, cushiony film that stays on the skin’s surface longer, reducing the rate of trans-epidermal water loss (TEWL) without the occlusive weight of Petrolatum or heavy waxes.
Formulators frequently select this ingredient for its compatibility with a wide range of lipids. It facilitates the incorporation of polar oils into non-polar systems, acting as a secondary emulsifier or stabilizer. This versatility ensures that creamy textures remain stable over time and under varying temperature conditions, preventing the “sweating” often seen in stick-form products.
Broader Applications & Origins
While most prevalent in lip products and foundations, Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate is increasingly found in high-end cleansing oils and balms. Its ability to bridge the gap between oil and water makes it effective at breaking down stubborn, long-wear makeup while remaining easy to rinse away. The ingredient is typically synthesized through the esterification of plant-derived polyglycerin and fatty acids, though synthetic versions are used to ensure high purity and odorlessness.
Routine Integration
Synergies:
- Hydrophobic Pigments: Works optimally with coated Iron Oxides for vivid color dispersion.
- Lipid Replenishers: Pairs well with Squalane and Caprylic Capric Triglyceride to enhance emolliency.
- Waxes: Improves the pay-off and glide of Candelilla Wax or Butyrospermum Parkii Butter based balms.
Clinical Consensus & Safety
The Cosmetic Ingredient Review (CIR) Expert Panel has evaluated the safety of polyglyceryl fatty acid esters, concluding they are safe for use in cosmetics at current concentrations. Toxicological data indicates that Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate is non-sensitizing and non-irritating to the skin and eyes in standard dermatological patch tests. It is recognized by CosIng as an emollient and surfactant, with no restricted maximum concentrations under EU cosmetic regulations.
Is Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate safe for acne-prone skin?
Yes. This ingredient has a very low comedogenic potential (rated 0-1). It is an ester rather than a heavy wax or pore-clogging oil, making it suitable for most skin types, including those prone to congestion.
Why is this ingredient common in lipsticks?
It is prized for its “pigment wetting” ability, which allows lipsticks to have high color intensity without feeling dry or chalky. It also provides a smooth glide and a slight gloss finish.
Is this ingredient vegan?
In most modern cosmetic manufacturing, Polyglyceryl-2 Triisostearate is derived from vegetable sources like rapeseed or palm oil, making it vegan-friendly. However, users should verify with specific brands for their raw material sourcing.